Iisithuthuthu sombaneyenye yeendlela zamva nje kushishino lweemoto. Ukuthandwa kwayo kuye kwanda kakhulu kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo, kwaye iya kuqhubeka ikhula njengoko abantu abaninzi bezazi iinzuzo zayo.
Izithuthi zombane zineengenelo ezininzi kunezithuthi ezinepetroli. Zizolile, zicocekile kwaye zisebenza kakuhle. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ukungonakali ekusebenziseni isithuthi sombane. Ipakethi yebhetri kwisithuthi sombane kufuneka itshintshwe rhoqo emva kweminyaka embalwa kuba iqulethe izinto eziyityhefu ezingenakulahlwa ngokufanelekileyo ngeendlela eziqhelekileyo.
Ipakethe yebhetri ye-lithium ion ibhetri ehlaziywayo esebenzisa i-lithium ion njengomthombo wayo wamandla endaweni yokuphendula kweekhemikhali. Iibhetri ze-Lithium ion zenziwe ngee-electrode ezenziwe kwigraphite kunye ne-electrolyte engamanzi, ekhupha ii-ion ze-lithium xa ii-electron zihamba ngee-electrodes ukusuka kwelinye icala ukuya kwelinye.
Ipakethi yamandla ibekwe ngaphandle kwesakhelo sesithuthuthu sombane kwaye iqulethe zonke iikhomponenti zombane ezifunekayo ukunika amandla kwiinjini kunye nezibane zesithuthi. Iisinki zobushushu zibekwe ngaphakathi kula macandelo ukunceda ukutshabalalisa amandla e-thermal ukuze kungabi yingxaki kwezinye iindawo ze-injini okanye isakhelo.
Iibhetri ze-lithium zinika amandla aphezulu, kodwa zivame ukutshisa kakhulu kwaye zibambe umlilo xa zingaphathwa kakuhle.
Ibhetri ye-lithium eqhelekileyo iqulethe iiseli ezine kunye nenani elipheleleyo malunga ne-300 volts phakathi kwabo. Iseli nganye yenziwe yi anode (negative terminal), cathode (positive terminal) kunye neseparator material ebamba ezi zimbini kunye.
I-anode ngokuqhelekileyo i-graphite okanye i-manganese dioxide, ngelixa i-cathode idla ngokuba ngumxube we-titanium dioxide kunye ne-silicon dioxide. Isahluli phakathi kwee-electrode ezimbini zichitha ixesha elide ngenxa yokuvezwa komoya, ubushushu kunye nokungcangcazela. Oku kuvumela okwangoku ukuba kudlule kwiseli ngokulula ngakumbi kunokuba bekuya kuba njalo ukuba bekungekho mahluli presentz.
Izithuthuthu zombane ziyakhawuleza ukuba yindlela ethandwayo yezithuthi eziqhelekileyo ezinepetroli. Ngelixa sele beneminyaka emininzi, izithuthuthu zombane zisandula ukufumana ukuthandwa ngenxa yexabiso eliphantsi kunye nokwanda koluhlu lwamandla.
Izithuthuthu zombane zisebenzisa iibhetri ze-lithium ion njengomthombo wamandla azo. Iibhetri ze-Lithium ion zincinci, zikhaphukhaphu kwaye ziyatshajwa, nto leyo ezenza zibe lolona khetho lufanelekileyo lwesithuthuthu sombane.
Izithuthuthu zombane yinto enkulu elandelayo kwitekhnoloji yesithuthuthu. Ukuthandwa okukhulayo kweemoto zombane kukhokelele ekunyukeni kwezithuthuthu zombane kulo lonke elaseYurophu naseAsia, iinkampani ezininzi zivelisa iimodeli ezikumgangatho ophezulu ngamaxabiso afikelelekayo.
Izithuthi zombane ziya zithandwa kakhulu kuba zibonelela ngamava okuqhuba afanayo njengeemoto zemveli, kodwa ngaphandle kwesidingo samafutha okanye ungcoliseko.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-20-2022